unisonic technologies co., ltd gv4145a linear integrated circuit www.unisonic.com.tw 1 of 7 copyright ? 2015 unisonic technologies co., ltd qw-r122-006.c low power ground fault interrupter ? description the utc gv4145a is a low power controller for ac outlet ground fault interrupters. these devices detect hazardous grounding conditions, such as equipment (connected to opposite phases of the ac line) in contact with a pool of water and open circuits the line before a harmful or lethal shock occurs. contained internally are a 26v zener shunt regulator, an opamp, and an scr driver. with the addition of two sense transformers, a bridge rectifier, an scr, a relay, and a few additional components, the utc gv4145a will detect and protect against both hot wire to ground and neutral wire to ground faults. ease of application and long-term reliability. ? features * no potentiomenter required * direct interface to scr * supply voltage derived from ac line-26v shunt * adjustable sensitivity * grounded neutral fault detection * meets u.l.943 standards * 450 a quiescent current * i deal for 120v or 220v systems ? ordering information ordering number lead free halogen free package packing gv4145ag-d08-t gv4145ag-d08-t dip-8 tube - gv4145ag-s08-r sop-8 tape reel gv4145al-s08-r (1)packing type (2)package type (1) t: tube, r: tape reel (2) d08: dip-8, s08: sop-8 (3) l: lead free, g: halogen free and lead free (3)green package ? marking dip-8 sop-8
gv4145a linear integrated circuit unisonic technologies co., ltd 2 of 7 www.unisonic.com.tw qw-r122-006.c ? pin configuration ? block diagram
gv4145a linear integrated circuit unisonic technologies co., ltd 3 of 7 www.unisonic.com.tw qw-r122-006.c ? internal schematic diagram
gv4145a linear integrated circuit unisonic technologies co., ltd 4 of 7 www.unisonic.com.tw qw-r122-006.c ? absolute maximum rating parameter symbol ratings unit supply current i cc 18 ma power dissipation p d 500 mw junction temperature t j 125 c operating temperature t opr -35~+85 c storage temperature t stg -65~+150 c note: absolute maximum ratings are those values be yond which the device could be permanently damaged. absolute maximum ratings are stress ratings only and functional device oper ation is not implied. ? thermal resistance s characteristics parameter symbol min typ max unit sop-8 240 c/w junction-to-ambient dip-8 ja 160 c/w ? electrical characteristics (t a =25c, i s =1.5ma ) parameter symbol test conditions min typ max unit detector reference voltage v ref(det) pin 7 ~ pin 3 6.8 7.2 8.1 v shunt regulator zener voltage v z pin 6 ~ pin 4 25 26 29.2 v reference voltage v ref pin 3 ~ pin 4 12.5 13 14.6 v quiescent current i q +v s =24v 450 750 a operational amplifier offset voltage v os pin 2 ~ pin 3 -3.0 0.5 +3.0 mv +output voltage swing v oh pin 7 ~ pin 3 6.8 7.2 8.1 v - output voltage swing v ol pin 7 ~ pin 3 -9.5 -11.2 -13.5 v +output source current i o(sour c pin 7 ~ pin 3 650 a - output source current i o(sink) pin 7 ~ pin 3 1.0 ma gain bandwidth product gbw f=50khz 1.0 1.8 mhz r 1 resistors r 1 pin 1 ~ pin 3 ,i s =0ma 10 k ? r 2 resistors r 2 pin 2 ~ pin 3 ,i s =0ma 10 k ? r 3 resistors r 3 pin 5 ~ pin 4 ,i s =0ma 3.5 4.7 5.9 k ? scr trigger voltage detector on v on(scr) pin 5 ~ pin 4 1.5 2.8 v scr trigger voltage detector off v off(scr) pin 5 ~ pin 4 0 1 10 mv ? electrical characteristics (-35c t a +85c, i s =1.5ma) parameter symbol test conditions min typ max unit detector reference voltage v ref(det) pin 7 ~ pin 3 6.5 7.2 8.3 v shunt regulator zener voltage vz pin 6 ~ pin 4 24 26 30 v reference voltage v ref pin 3 ~ pin 4 12 13 15 v quiescent current(is) i q +vs=23v 500 a operational amplifier offset voltage v os pin 2 ~ pin 3 -5.0 0.5 +5.0 mv +output voltage swing v oh pin 7 ~ pin 3 6.5 7.2 8.3 v - output voltage swing v ol pin 7 ~ pin 3 -9. -11.2 -14 v gain bandwidth product gbw f=50khz 1.8 mhz resistors r1 r1 pin 1 ~ pin 3, i s =0ma 10 k ? resistors r2 r2 pin 2 ~ pin 3, i s =0ma 10 k ? resistors r3 r3 pin 5 ~ pin 4, i s =0ma 3.5 4.7 5.9 k ? scr trigger voltage detector on v on(scr) pin 5 ~ pin 4 1.3 2.8 v scr trigger voltage detector off v off(scr) pin 5 ~ pin 4 0 3 50 mv
gv4145a linear integrated circuit unisonic technologies co., ltd 5 of 7 www.unisonic.com.tw qw-r122-006.c ? principles of operation principles of operation the 26v shunt regulator vo ltage generated by the string of zener di odes is divided into three reference voltages:3/4vs, 1/2vs, and 1/4vs. v ref is at 1/2vs and is used as a reference to create an artifical ground of +13v at the op amp noniverting input. figure 1 shows a three-wire 120v ac outlet gfi application using an utc gv4145a , fault signals from the sense transformer are ac coupled into the input and are amplified according to the following equation: v7=r sense i sense /n where v7 is the rms voltage at pin7 relative to pin 3, r sense is the value of the feedback resistor connected from pin 7 to pin 1, i sense is the fault current in amps rms and n is the turns ratio of the transformer. when v7 exceeds plus or minus 7.2v relative to pin 3 the scr tri gger output will go high and fire the external scr. the formula for v7 is approximate because it does not include the sense transformer characteristics. grounded neutral fault detection is accomplished when a s hort or fault closes a mag netic path between the sense transformer and the grounded neutral transformer. the result ant ac coupling closes a pos itive feedback path around the op amp, and therefore the op amp oscillates. when the peaks of the o scillation voltage exceed the scr trigger comparator thresholds, the scr output will go high. shunt regulator r line limits the current into the shunt regulator; 220v applications will require substituting a 47k ? 2w resistor. in addition to supplying power to the ic, the shunt regulator creates internal reference voltages( see above). operational amplifier r sense is a feedback resistor that sets gain and theref ore sensitivity to normal faults. to adjust r sense , follow this procedure: apply the desired fault current (a differenc e in current of 5ma is t he ul943 standard). adjust r sense upward until the scr activates. a fixed resistor can be used for r sense , since the resultant 15% variation in sensitivity will meet ul?s 9 43 4~6ma specification window . the roll-off frequency is greater than t he grounded neutral fault oscillation freque ncy, in order to preserve loop gain for oscillation (which is determined by t he inductance of the 200:1 transformer and c4). the sensitivity to grounded neutral faults is adjusted by changing t he frequency of oscillation. increasing the frequency reduces the sensitivity by reducing the loop gain of the positive feedback circuit. as frequency increases, the signal becomes attenuated and the lo op gain decreases. with the values shown the circuit will detect a grounded neutral fault having resistance of 2 ? or less. the input to the op amp are protected fr om overvoltage by back-to back diodes. scr driver the scr used must have a high dv/dt rating to ensure th at line noise (generated by noisy appliances such as a drill motor) does not falsely trigger the scr. also, the scr must have a gate drive requirement of less than 200 a.c f is a noise filter capacitor that prev ents narrow pulses from firing the scr. the relay solenoid used should have a 3ms or less response time in order to meet the ul 943 timing requirement. sense transformers and cores the sense and grounded neutral transformer cores are usually fabricated using high permeability laminated steel rings. their single turn primary is created by passing the line and neutral wires through the center of its core. the secondary is usually from 200 to 1500 turns. two-wire application circuit figure 2 shows the diagram of a 2-wire 120v ac outlet gfi circuit using an utc gv4145a . this circuit is not designed to detect grounded neutral faults. thus, the grounded neutral trans former and capacitors c3 and c4 of figure 1 are not used.
gv4145a linear integrated circuit unisonic technologies co., ltd 6 of 7 www.unisonic.com.tw qw-r122-006.c ? typical application circuit line figure 1. gfi application circuit (three-wire outlet) figure 2. gfi application circuit (two-wire outlet) note: value depends on transformer characteristics.
gv4145a linear integrated circuit unisonic technologies co., ltd 7 of 7 www.unisonic.com.tw qw-r122-006.c utc assumes no responsibility for equipment failures that result from using products at values that exceed, even momentarily, rated values (such as maximum ratings, operating condition ranges, or other parameters) listed in products specifications of any and all utc products described or contained herein. utc products are not designed for use in life support appliances, devices or systems where malfunction of these products can be reasonably expected to result in personal injury. reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited without the prior written consent of the copyright owner. the information presented in this document does not form part of any quotation or contract, is believed to be accurate and reliable and may be changed without notice.
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